Fall Prevention for Older Adults: A Comprehensive Guide to Staying Safe

Falls are one of the leading causes of serious injury among older adults, but many people don’t realise how preventable they are. A fall can drastically change someone’s life, causing pain, reducing independence, and increasing the need for ongoing care. For families and caregivers, helping a loved one avoid a fall means more than physical safety — it means peace of mind and a better quality of life. 

This guide is designed for anyone who wants to actively reduce fall risks and promote confident, independent living in later years.

Understanding the Impact of Falls

Falls carry significant consequences beyond the initial injury. For older adults, a single fall can trigger a cascade of physical, emotional, and financial setbacks. In Australia, falls account for over 125,000 hospital admissions each year for people aged 65 and older, with hip fractures being one of the most common and severe outcomes, according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.

Globally, one in three people over the age of 65 experiences a fall annually. The World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that falls are the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths worldwide. 

Beyond physical injuries, falls often lead to:

• A fear of falling again, which can reduce mobility and confidence

• Less activity, leading to muscle weakness and slower recovery

• Social isolation, especially for those living alone

• Mental health challenges, including anxiety and depression

• Higher care costs, longer hospital stays, and the need for in-home care

These ripple effects not only diminish quality of life but also increase reliance on others, which can challenge an older adult’s sense of independence and dignity.

The good news? Most falls are preventable. And that prevention starts with one essential step: understanding your personal level of risk.

Assessing Fall Risk

Preventing falls starts with awareness. Many older adults don’t realise that the small discomforts or routines they’ve become used to like a new medication, occasional dizziness, or dim lighting, could be signs of a higher fall risk. Taking the time to assess these risks can mean the difference between staying safe at home and suffering a serious injury.

Falls don’t always come out of nowhere. Often, there are warning signs—both physical and environmental. Regularly reviewing these signs helps identify and eliminate risks early on.

Common Risk Factors to Watch For

Here are some everyday elements that might be increasing your fall risk without you even noticing:

• Medication Side Effects 

  Some medications, especially when taken together, can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. These effects are particularly dangerous when moving from sitting to standing or walking without support.

  
  

• Vision or Hearing Changes 

  Poor eyesight can make it difficult to notice obstacles, such as rugs or uneven flooring. Hearing issues may affect your balance or cause you to miss warning sounds—like someone calling out or a kettle boiling over.

  
  

• Past Falls or Near Misses 

  If you've tripped recently or had to grab onto something to avoid falling, it’s a clear sign that your balance or environment needs attention.

  
  

• Chronic Conditions 

  Illnesses such as arthritis, diabetes, or heart disease can affect your strength, sensation, or coordination, making it harder to move around safely.

  
  

• Unfamiliar or Unsafe Home Layouts 

  Narrow hallways, loose rugs, or poor lighting increase the chances of tripping, especially if you live alone.

Preventing Falls: What You Can Do to Stay Safe and Independent

Falls are a serious concern, especially for older adults, but there are practical steps you can take to reduce your risk and maintain your independence.

• Review Your Medications 

  Bring a full list of all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you take. Some medications, particularly sedatives, antidepressants, blood pressure drugs, painkillers, can increase fall risk by affecting balance, alertness, or blood pressure. Regular medication reviews with your doctor or pharmacist can help identify and manage these risks. If you are part of a MyCompanionship Home Care Package, your care coordinator can assist with medication reviews to ensure your prescriptions are safely managed.

  
  

• Prepare a Fall Prevention Plan

  If you have frequent falls, it's best to have a care team. They can include a professional fall risk assessment in your support plan. This personalised approach helps target specific risks unique to you.

  
  

• Stay Physically Active 

  Contrary to what some believe, moving more helps prevent falls. Exercise improves balance, strengthens muscles in the legs, core, and back, enhances joint flexibility, and boosts confidence in daily movements. Recommended activities include tai chi, walking, water aerobics, and balance exercises like standing on one leg or side-stepping. MyCompanionship can connect you with support workers or physiotherapists to design an exercise program tailored to your abilities.

  
  

• Choose Proper Footwear and Use Mobility Aids 

  Footwear plays a vital role in stability. Avoid floppy slippers, high heels, narrow shoes, slick soles, or walking barefoot or in socks on slippery surfaces. Instead, opt for sturdy shoes with non-slip soles, adjustable straps, and a good fit. If you feel unsteady, using mobility aids such as canes, walkers, rollators, or installing grab bars and handrails around your home can provide valuable support and confidence.

  
  

• Use Technology for Added Protection 

  Using fall prevention smart devices offers an easy way to call for help at the push of a button, providing peace of mind, especially if you live independently or have limited mobility.

Remember: Taking a proactive approach to assessing and managing your fall risk protects your independence. By understanding risks, adjusting medications, staying active, and using the right supports, you can continue enjoying your home, routines, and freedom with confidence.

Your MyCompanionship team can assess your home and suggest suitable mobility tools. For added safety when walking outside or staying home alone, a fall-detection device like GuardianPA can serve as your invisible companion, always there when needed.

Conclusion

Falls may be common, but they are not inevitable. With awareness, proper planning, and supportive resources, older adults can continue to live safely and independently. MyCompanionship is committed to helping seniors stay confident, connected, and protected every step of the way.

FAQs

1. What is the most common cause of falls in older adults? 

Environmental hazards like slippery floors and poor lighting, along with medication side effects and muscle weakness, are among the most common causes.

2. How can I tell if my elderly parent is at risk of falling?

Look for signs like frequent tripping, holding onto furniture while walking, or past incidents of falls. A fall risk assessment by a GP or MyCompanionship provider is helpful.

3. Are fall prevention programs covered in aged care packages?

Yes, if you're on a Home Care Package, fall prevention strategies and equipment can be part of your support plan.

4. Do I need a physiotherapist for balance training? 

While not always necessary, physiotherapists are skilled in designing safe and effective exercise programs for fall prevention.